I started out last week thinking that I would segue from my Oldsmobile to the second most recent and so far longest car ownership experience of my life, but then I started to think about the ghost cars. My ghost grandfathers owned the ghost automobiles, spoken of as bit characters or color in the stories of my family after their flight from Hitler.
My mother’s father Arthur was born in upper Franconia in a town near Nuremberg in 1909, into an extremely well-to-do family that dealt in cattle and mortgages and land. When he was my son’s age, in 1919, he got a tutor – Henry Kissinger’s father Ludwig! (The Sabbath the week before Passover when Henry married Nancy Maginnes in 1974, my grandfather went with my mother to visit Ludwig and Paula in Washington Heights to console them on the mixed marriage – they were very religious.)
I have a family tree that wends its way back into the middle seventeenth century, and a Samuel Josef Bauer – a Jew with a last name! – in the court of one of the princes of the Holy Roman Empire, and that Joseph is a name that skip-hops down the generations, missing one or none, getting pasted on one or another male child in the direct descent, and it happens that Arthur’s father was named Josef and my middle name is Joseph, because Arthur’s father Josef was dumped in a pit in Kaunas in 1942.
Joseph and his brother Simon, and their families, were on HAPAG’s Orinoco, the ship that was right after the Saint Louis, and which bopped right back to Rotterdam from Havana with all the fleeing German Jews on board. None of the Bauers on that ship made it to 1945. My sister wears the name of Arthur’s forever twenty-year old first cousin Lotte, who was the one that survived the longest, but who is recorded to have died in late 1944 in Auschwitz.
Arthur got out by the skin of his teeth after a three-week sojourn in Dachau KZ, when he was given a ride into Switzerland in a friend’s plane across Lake Constance early in 1939. From Switzerland, he made his way to the United States, where he crashed in his second cousin Martin’s apartment in Philadelphia. Martin was married to Arthur’s great unrequited love, a Galician beauty named Fanny. Fanny had a baby daughter Nelly and became pregnant with her first son, my uncle Sol, while Arthur slept in the living room.
Arthur was drafted in 1942 and trained in Biloxi as a medic/baker, and he landed in the third wave at Omaha Beach. He was in the ETO until midwinter 1945, when his kidneys gave out near Aachen, and he went home to Philadelphia and a Fanny whose marriage was broken by Martin’s infidelity. Fanny and Arthur married in 1946 and started a bakery on South 56th St, the Home Bakery.
The cars only exist in the recollection of my mother, who arrived in 1950, and they were all practical small cars. Arthur bought a lot of English cars, two Fords, one Nash, and one Volvo before his kidneys killed him with uremic poisoning in 1982.
First, Mom remembers the Austins. These were not Farinas. One was an A40 panel wagon, and the other a whimsical A40 convertible, both from about the time Arthur moved the bakery to a little strip mall on the Baltimore Pike in Springfield.
In the late fifties, for deliveries, a Hillman Husky wagon was added, which was replaced in 1963 with a Rambler wagon – my mother insists still that it was a Nash – that was lent to my uncle Sol in 1967 for a drive across the country. Apparently, the Rambler had the aluminum inline-6 engine, and Uncle Sol drove it across the Rockies at, and I quote my mother “seventy miles an hour” which blew the head gasket somewhere in Colorado.
The Rambler was replaced with a 1967 Ford Galaxie wagon – my mother says “a V8!” – which did the deliveries until my grandfather closed the bakery at the end of November 1972, when he retired to the shore in New Jersey. Sometime in 1975, Arthur became Pop-pop, and I am informed that I rode in that wagon as an infant between the Catskills and the Jersey shore many times in the two years the car overlapped my life.
Pop-pop bought his last car, a white Volvo 244 DL, in 1977. I remember the three colored rocker switches in the middle of the dashboard, and the perforated vinyl? Leather? Of the seats and I remember his angel’s food cakes, and his sad eyes, and his belly. I also have a belly. My younger son has his name – Louis Arthur.
Pop-pop stopped driving with the last kidney failure in March 1981, and ended up in the nursing home in Linwood where he died just after Passover in 1982.
My father’s father Hermann Heinrich, the eldest son of the eldest son of the eldest son of eldest son, was born near Wiesbaden in 1896. His father was a clerk at the Hoechst chemical works. Heinrich apprenticed with a shoemaker and then drafted into the army with his younger brother Arthur in 1914. Heinrich served on the Russian Front, and in Ottoman Turkey, and my father said his father talked about being in the army opposing Allenby in Palestine. He was buried in a shellburst and shot in the stomach, and mustered out with a first rank Iron Cross.
He became a traveling salesman for the Ferdinand May shoe combine in Frankfurt, and traveled throughout Germany, Switzerland, Austria, and Scandinavia selling shoes and making commissions, which he turned into the ownership of a shoe store on the Oberstrasse in Boppard in 1931. He married my grandmother Else the same year, and settled down to run his profitable shoe store in a rich tourist town. But it was not to last. By 1938, the local Nazis were throwing hot tar on his shop windows and his tenant, formerly a close friend, was making vile death threats. Heinrich spent time in Dachau KZ also after Kristallnacht, and shorn of his property, he sent my grandmother to England in August 1939, and followed on the very last ship from Bremerhaven to Liverpool at the end of the month.
In England, Opa spent time interned on the Isle of Wight before being released to work at a bicycle factory in Southwark. My dad was born there. But Opa was afraid of Russian Communism, and in 1950, they all came to America to join Arthur in New Jersey raising eggs in Ocean County. The farm was at the intersection of NJ571/Bay Avenue and Hooper Avenue in Toms River, today under the JC Penney’s in the Ocean County Mall, and the first car my grandfather bought was a 1946-48 DeSoto. My great-uncle had a farm on Cock’s Crow Road in Lakewood and his son – my cousin Harry, twelve years older than my father, drove around a twenties Ford.
The DeSoto worked throughout the fifties.
Opa replaced it with a 1960 Valiant – a car my father remembers as having “really big fins.” This was bought because my grandmother had terminal breast cancer and the DeSoto was no longer reliable enough to drive her into New York for treatment.
After Else died in November 1962, Opa kept the chicken farm running until his emphysema made it impossible to continue. Dad came home from college and liquidated the chickens – to Campbells – and Opa replaced the Valiant with a 1965 Fairlane, which he used for the butter and egg runs and the visits to Dad at Temple in Philadelphia.
Opa’s last car was a 1970 Chevelle sedan bought at the same time he gifted my father a new Nova at medical , which my father took from my step-grandmother’s garage and began driving in 1980 after he sold his horrible 1977 Cutlass Supreme. I remember riding in the front seat next to Dad, with my two-year-old sister in between on a short hop from the Triangle Diner back home. The light unexpectedly turned red at Lake Street, and Dad hit the brakes, holding his hand out to catch Liz at fifteen miles an hour. Liz hit the dash and had to have stitches. There was no center seat belt in the front bench of the Chevelle. No air conditioning, no FM radio, and I think it was had Powerglide. The Chevelle lasted until 1984, when Dad sold it for $1300 and bought his second Oldsmobile. My older son Henry is named after Heinrich.
Like the little Husky I had one similar but the commercial version with no back seat a Commer Cob and I actually saw a still in work Husky yesterday hauling what looked like gardening equipment
There is something very stylish about the Huskies, especially the later ones like the one in the photo. Why, just add whitewalls and two-tone and gleam-up the chrome, and it’s almost a Chev Nomad for more austere economies. Almost…
upper Franconia in a town near Nuremberg in 1909
Are you referring to Fürth, aren’t you? Fürth is known for its large Jewish community that grew from a few in the 15th century to thousands prior to the Second World War. Fürth was one of several German towns during the Middle Age that allowed the Jews to settle and establish the trades and was a “sanctuary town” for the Jewish refugees fleeing or expelled from other cities and countries during the next few centuries.
I have lived in Erlangen and Nuremberg before moving to Munich so I am familiar with the local Franconian history.
No, Erlangen. Although, there were cousins in Fürth.
Ilse Spõnsel, the widow of the old Erlangen bürgermeister, has written about the Jewish community and my family.
zichrono livrachah to your lost relatives gone too soon. What stories of tragedy and resilience in the face of tragedy! What a rich river pf memories our families provide us, full of both swift rapids and calm pools. Thank you for sharing it with us.
Whereas, my dad’s dad was born in Germany in 1896, named Hermann, drafted in 1914, fought on the Russian front, was badly injured and won an Iron Cross 1st (which we still have along with the citation just like the one above). He became an architect in Berlin post-war, but alas, for the genealogy of his birth, and amongst friends who’d become enemies, he was out of work after ’35, arrested on Kristallnacht, and invited to stay for some months at Oranienburg KZ. After release, he fled to England, unlike his three sisters, who didn’t get out of Dachau, except perhaps as ghosts.
A small world.
Rather incredibly, he somehow flew from Germany to England with his wife and my five y.o. dad: my dad still just recalls the Ju-52. Due to the goodness of certain souls, over racist objections – and the wholly unlikely Parliamentary alliances of good people – there was allowed just one last intake of refugees to Australia, and they were in it. They got here in June, 1939, so my dad began school in the September speaking nothing but German, which was timing that could have been better.
There’s no evidence he drove in Europe, and here, he wouldn’t have been allowed to till after ’45, hell, they weren’t even allowed to own a radio! Rather hilariously, his Berlin Institute of Technology architectural qualifications weren’t recognized either, nor his work for a top Bauhaus firm. (He was not remotely bitter, because he was alive. Post-war, the local returned soldiers chapter liked to invite him to talk, on no less than the local Rememberance day, so he did love this place). His son’s first car in ’52 was a tiny Austin.
He died in only ’51, so I’ll never know, but the family history doesn’t seem to suggest a car guy: it suggests too gentle and generous a person for such self-focused sort of interest.
Lovely post, Sir. Very evocative.
A beautiful memoir of your family’s history and so exemplary of how people can escape the horrors that the world serves up and still remake themselves in a new place.
I in particular want to hear more about your Uncle Sol. I’ll bet that guy has (had) more than a few more great car stories. His ’77 244 sounds like the sedan twin to my ’76 245. Although I’m not sure I would have ever contemplated taking it to Puerto Rico.
Having grown up with many Jewish friends in The Bronx (I’m 78) I find your history touching. The Word to describe your writing is “mit saychul.” I am very touched by this history. The cars are secondary to the family history. As an Armenian, our history was vanquished regarding family records by the Great Genocide that commenced in 1915. So, it is a treasure to me to read of how far back you can go in your family’s (mushpuchah’s) history. Blessings!
An interesting selection. Driving an Austin or Hillman in 1950’s America must have been pretty unusual.
Your before and after photos remind me of my wife’s Opa, who was a “guest worker” in Nazi Germany. He was not the same fun loving guy after the experience, but bad things had happened to everyone and you had to get on with it.
In the late ’50s there was a short-lived import car boom during which time Hillman could afford to run a national print ad campaign in major magazines like Time and Newsweek in addition to the “buff books” car mags.
As I briefly mentioned in my own COAL a few years ago, my parents’ first car was a 1953 Hillman Minx, bought new in California and our only family car for 7 years, over 3 of which overlapped my own life. I think I vaguely remember it, or at least the color, which was dark maroon. That is probably a real memory as the only photos of it, in which one can just see a small part of it intruding in the background, are black and white. I always liked the Huskies though I found the name odd, as “husky” was the euphemism for large-waist boys’ pants at JC Pennney, where we always shopped. And the Hillman wagon was anything but large compared to domestic wagons, even the compacts.
The Husky wasnt actually a wagon there was a wagon in Rootes lineup but it was bigger and had four doors and yes I had one years ago too 2 dirt bikes could just be carried with the rear seat down and the tailgates open I swapped it for a AL110 International flat deck much more suited to the dirt bike hobby.
I never quite understood the point of the Husky. A short wheelbase two door version of the regular Minx wagon – a cheap and easy way to give Hillman a smaller car to sell? Whatever. People bought them, so I guess it was a good idea.
The Husky was brilliant, the forerunner of all compact hatchbacks to come. It’s a format that is so practical; no wonder it came to utterly dominate.
There’s a good reason it outsold the 4-door wagon by a huge margin.
Driving an Austin or Hillman in 1950’s America must have been pretty unusual.
Austin was the #1 selling import in the US until VW stole that title away in 1955 or 1956. And Hillmans also sold quite well, and were rather common.
Thank you so much for this outstanding history of your family and their cars over the generations.
Your Uncle Sol followed the same path as my grandfather (also an immigrant), of owning an early-60s Rambler, which was later replaced by a Ford Galaxie. The Galaxie was his reward to himself upon retirement – after a lifetime of hardships and hard work, he was finally able to relish a wonderfully big and new American car. Sadly, he passed away only a year or two later, so he didn’t get to enjoy it for long.
Oh, and your relatives’ South Jersey chicken farm touches on a fascinating slice of Americana. South Jersey had many Jewish chicken farmers (including relatives of my mom’s, whose farm was near Vineland). As I understand it, mostly from family stories, there was a movement among Jewish immigrants in the early 20th century to diversify from traditional urban-based occupations, both as a way to be more self-reliant, and also to combat stereotypes that Jews were only city-dwellers. Over the past few decades, I believe most of these farms have disappeared, but it remains an interesting story.
My grandfather’s second cousin Hertha went to Vineland with her husband in 1946. I remember the chicken farm in empty decay when we would go visit Hertha and Leo – that would be in the mid-1980s.
A little detail that I might have alluded to,, after Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were electrocuted their young children were brought to Toms River where they were cared for by relatives in the socialist cooperative offshoot of the agricultural colony you speak of. the cemeteries of the Toms River reform, conservative, and orthodox Jewish congregations amalgamated about 10 years ago since they were all in the same spot on Whitty Road, and Dad walked the gravestones with me 11 years ago when we went to the graves before Rosh Hashanah, and he narrated The history of the Toms River community in mid-century based on the names on the tombstones.
I love the term “ghost cars” – those cars we know about only from the memories of our elders.
These are bittersweet stories – people who endured so much and adapted as well as could be expected (and perhaps a little better). It is interesting that these were not people who hired on at factories or as labor, but had a strong entrepreneurial drive. Imagine what Germany could have looked like today if it had not killed or driven away so many talented citizens (not to mention brought utter ruin upon itself) by 1945.
One thought on that 1970 Chevelle – it should have had a center seat belt in the front, something that was (I believe) mandated by 1967 or 68. Perhaps they were jammed down into the seat to keep them “out of the way” as so often happened back then. Or removed? I had one car where all of the front belts had been removed and neatly folded up and stowed under the back seat cushion.
+1 on ‘ghost cars’.
+2
Hello from Argentina . Hats off for this full article, is so touching , tears dropping my eyes `cos pictures like Fanny & Arthur , the French Passport, Before Dachau After Dachau After England, plus the gallery of Austin 40, Hillman, Plymouth Valiant, Rambler Classic Wagon, Chevy Chevelle…. all of that is a brilliantly documented resume related to those migrants who were the actual heroes of their time, because there were millions for the WW II but still there were the remainders who had to play being heroes for life , `cos life needed to be continued even rooting in new Lands . This marvellous story resembles the same destiny that had countless immigrants who were rushed to fund new families overseas , bringing their working contribution to young countries as USA, Canada, Australia, Argentina , Brazil or Venezuela. Thanks Curbside Classic for the splendid pictures of the automobiles shown here, moreover for the sensible human background shown in every word that sustain the importance of cars in the life of every person , no matter the brand or trade mark
Agreed, with all of this.
I especially like your phrase about those “..who had to play being heroes for life…”.
Present view of Nov. 1960 Newark photo: Broad Street at Lincoln Park.
Wonderful! I am enjoying your histories so much, even as the tears come to my eyes over the inhuman treatment your people went through.
My mother’s grandparents were German (Lutherans, though), but came to Australia in the 1850s-1860s to escape being conscripted into the Prussian army, so the story goes. My grandfather used to speak to the children in German, but my grandmother always told him off – “Herman, we’re in Australia! We speak English!”. My mother always wished she’d had the chance to learn German – but when the second world war came along she found how hard it was to have a German surname, and be trusted. Maybe it was just as well she’d never learnt the language.
Thank you for this very moving piece. It was hard to get through in parts, but the indomitable human spirit of the survivors in your family is inspiring.
L’Chaim.
What a fantastic post! Thank you so much for sharing your family’s history with us.
This account of your ancestor’s experience surviving the war and untold horrors is unlike any I have read before. Certainly a story to remember in the heartache and close calls. Thank you for sharing this with us, against the backdrop of the family cars.
I too applaud your sharing of the family story, many would like to forget or worse, pretend the holocaust is a hoax .
Immigrants are what made and continue to keep, American great .
Unless you are 100 % pure blooded redskin, you’re an immigrant too, don’t ever forget that .
-Nate
One of my great grandfathers was born in a rural area near to the west of where your family was from in Bavaria. He came to the U.S. in 1892 and never had an automobile. Became one of the founders of a local volunteer fire department though, a bucket brigade started at his barbershop. About that Austin, a friend of mine had a 4 door sedan version. I think his was a ’52. Even in the early ’50’s, we got imports from Europe as there was a push to earn US dollars. Somehow managed to put the replacement clutch disc in backwards. Sold it cheap in the late ’60’s.
Yet another great history lesson / story .
You’d be amazed at how often clutch discs used to get installed backwards, the “snout” wasn’t always as long as it always is now .
HAPPY HOLIDAYS TO ALL ! =8-) .
-Nate