Curbside Classic: 1985 Mercedes 300D Turbodiesel – More Than A Fashion Statement

2014-02-26 12.25.28

(first posted 3/13/2014)    If anyone wants to know why the Mercedes W124 and W201 were considered so influential in their day, consider their predecessor, the W123.  Conservative even by German standards, these iconic cars need no introduction and, with 2.7 million made over ten years, are still plentiful.  I was quite happy to find this blue, top-of-the line example from the final year of the production run and have to applaud Virginia for continuing to make such elegant license plates with characters actually stamped into the metal.  They’re certainly a more fitting complement to this sedan’s classic lines than the non-standard turn signal lenses seen here.

W123_Tailfin

Where the models which followed the W123 followed the aerodynamic rule book, even raising the bar, these cars were rather staid even when new, representing the final chapter in Mercedes’ book on the post-war sedan.  Note the very small tail fins, a vestige of the once significant American influence on the West German automobile.

W123c

Despite being the first Benz styled under Bruno Sacco, the need to fit the car into the existing lineup meant it continued in the footsteps of the W108/9 and W114/5, and was especially influenced by the low and wide W116 S-class.  The lack of a wedge shape lends these cars a deceptively compact appearance, but they were larger than earlier models, with a 110 inch wheelbase (about 107 inches for the coupe).

Screenshot 2014-03-13 00.08.30

While the W123 is sought after for its rustic charm, Mercedes didn’t set out to make an anticar.  They were simply getting the most mileage out of existing styling and engineering themes in a car which fulfilled an uncommonly diverse array of roles, from underpinning an upmarket coupe to serving as an ambulance, as well as a taxicab and an executive sedan.  In this case, the engineering was largely a refinement of concepts first introduced in the “stroke-8” models of 1968, also known as the W114 (six cylinder) and W115 (four-cylinder and diesel, sans front subframe).  With semi-trailing arms in the rear and a hefty safety cage with crumple zones, it remained thoroughly up-to-date under the skin.  The biggest departure from predecessors was the deletion of a front subframe from the most expensive models, which joined their more plebeian brethren in directly mounting major mechanicals to the main structural components.

2014-02-26 12.28.15

Legendary Mercedes engineering notwithstanding, straight line motivation in US-market models was a problem.  The 240Ds and non-turbo 300Ds were obviously slow.  The initial alternative was the 280E, which in US form, was rather disappointing, with 140 horsepower pushing 3300 pounds.   A bigger issue, though, was the transmission’s second-gear start and a 1-2 upshift which occurred at around 4500rpm, well before the power peak.  As the company always tuned its engines to deliver the most power in the upper midrange, highway performance was good for the era, but for American conditions, especially during the double-nickel era, better low-end response was needed.

Mercedes-Benz-300-TD-Turbodiesel-S-123-729x486-b2439b8583980f28

All of this helps to explain why Mercedes found it wise to replace the 280E with the 300D turbodiesel in 1982.  With its beefier low-end and first-gear start, it was punchier in American suburban traffic.  Given the 280E’s prodigious drinking habit, and the fact that GM was heavily advertising diesels at the same time that VW was able to sell Rabbits with substantial mark-ups, this approach made sense.  Our featured car, a 1985 model, received a much taller rear axle ratio to boost economy along with a higher torque converter stall speed to help the turbocharger boost more rapidly.

OM617_800

The 300D turbodiesel was never, however, an especially miserly car and despite such efforts to improve its efficiency, I suspect many buyers would’ve been better off in a Volvo with a 2.1 liter turbocharged gas engine, which would have more cheaply and effectively validated both their social conscience and (secret) need for performance.  If that strikes readers as too agricultural a car to compare to the Benz, it’s important to note the Peugeot 505 was still available in those days and didn’t suffer from the brittle quality its front-drive successors were known for.  I don’t even need to mention the BMW E12 and E28.

2014-02-26 12.25.49

Now time for a confession: modern day fans of the W123 qualify in my mind as some of the most sentimental enthusiasts, with an embrace of cloying stereotypes which ranks right up there with lovers of the Saab 900 and Volvo 240.  Claims of 40 mpg and iron-clad reliability are common, so allow me this opportunity to dispel such myths.  As much as I love these cars, it’s important to understand what they are and what they are not.

W123b

They are not the most reliable cars in the world.  Any decent car will last 500,000 miles if a loving owner replaces major components as they break.  I would wager that a large number might even do so with less fuss and expense than a W123, if one focuses purely on mechanicals (and not body hardware, where the Mercedes has a genuine advantage).  The reputation for dependability these cars enjoy stems from the fact that they were sold alongside luxury cars from Detroit during an era when six-digit odometers were a rarity.  The accidental charm they possess prompts their continued repair and resale while their hugely influential successors, on the other hand, do not benefit from the same affinity.

2014-02-26 12.25.02

Nor were these cars designed with the aim of slow acceleration, or to make some sort of statement against crass displays of performance.  The addition of a turbocharger was a grudging admission that diesel efficiency alone was not going to be enough to sell these cars in the face of more powerful competition and slowly falling oil prices.

W123_Dash

I would love to have a chance to share my feelings with the car’s current owners, but I get the idea there is no need to do so.  It seems whoever owns this car respects it for what it is: a very solid, stable way to go about the business of daily driving.  Its clean condition and lack of corny bumper stickers show an appreciation for (gasp!) material possessions, quite a contrast to the other W123s I see clattering around town, invariably with an occupant’s filthy shoe resting on the dashboard.

2014-02-26 12.22.55

As you might gather, Mercedes had every reason to make major changes once this car was due to be replaced.  The amazing W124 which came afterward is not favored by the hipsters who are driving up values of the W123 today.  In some ways, this is unfortunate, because it singularly focuses their attention on the earlier model, leading many studiously fashionable types who buy into stories of unmatched reliability and green credibility to drive them into the ground.  On the plus side, the W124s are at the bottom of their depreciation curve, and can be snapped up in good condition for less than the older car.

w123-interior-1024x1007

If you are able to appreciate the W123 for its charms; namely safety, stability, comfortable ride quality over rough surfaces (increasingly relevant given our dwindling public expenditures) and classic style, by all means buy one, keep it maintained and cruise around on a warm summer night with the gigantic sunroof open.  If you expect real luxury and cheap, reliable operation, there are better options.  In the meantime, let’s hope fewer of these cars are sacrificed to an unsavvy buyer’s pursuit of fashion and that instead, more passionate drivers bring out their true potential.

Related reading: Mercedes W124, Mercedes W201, Mercedes W115